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PROFET(R)
BTS721L1
Smart Four Channel Highside Power Switch
Features
* Overload protection * Current limitation * Short-circuit protection * Thermal shutdown * Overvoltage protection (including load dump) * Fast demagnetization of inductive loads * Reverse battery protection1) * Undervoltage and overvoltage shutdown with auto-restart and hysteresis * Open drain diagnostic output * Open load detection in ON-state * CMOS compatible input * Loss of ground and loss of Vbb protection * Electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection
Product Summary Overvoltage Protection Operating voltage active channels: On-state resistance RON Nominal load current IL(NOM) Current limitation IL(SCr)
Vbb(AZ) 43 V Vbb(on) 5.0 ... 34 V two parallel four parallel one 100 50 25 m 2.9 4.3 6.3 A 8 8 8 A
Application
* C compatible power switch with diagnostic feedback for 12 V and 24 V DC grounded loads * All types of resistive, inductive and capacitive loads * Replaces electromechanical relays and discrete circuits
General Description
N channel vertical power FET with charge pump, ground referenced CMOS compatible input and diagnostic feedback, monolithically integrated in Smart SIPMOS(R) technology. Fully protected by embedded protection functions. Pin Definitions and Functions Pin 1,10, 11,12, 15,16, 19,20 3 5 7 9 18 17 14 13 4 8 2 6 Symbol Function Positive power supply voltage. Design the Vbb wiring for the simultaneous max. short circuit currents from channel 1 to 4 and also for low thermal resistance IN1 Input 1 .. 4, activates channel 1 .. 4 in case of IN2 logic high signal IN3 IN4 OUT1 Output 1 .. 4, protected high-side power output OUT2 of channel 1 .. 4. Design the wiring for the OUT3 max. short circuit current OUT4 ST1/2 Diagnostic feedback 1/2 of channel 1 and channel 2, open drain, low on failure ST3/4 Diagnostic feedback 3/4 of channel 3 and channel 4, open drain, low on failure GND1/2 Ground 1/2 of chip 1 (channel 1 and channel 2) GND3/4 Ground 3/4 of chip 2 (channel 3 and channel 4) Pin configuration (top view) Vbb GND1/2 IN1 ST1/2 IN2 GND3/4 IN3 ST3/4 IN4 Vbb 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
*
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11
Vbb Vbb OUT1 OUT2 Vbb Vbb OUT3 OUT4 Vbb Vbb
1)
With external current limit (e.g. resistor RGND=150 ) in GND connection, resistor in series with ST connection, reverse load current limited by connected load.
Semiconductor Group
1
06.96
BTS721L1 Block diagram
Four Channels; Open Load detection in on state;
Voltage source
Overvoltage protection
Current limit 1
+ V bb
Gate 1 protection
Leadframe
Channel 1
V Logic
Voltage sensor Level shifter Rectifier 1 Charge pump 1 Charge pump 2 Limit for unclamped ind. loads 1 Open load Short to Vbb detection 1 Current limit 2 Gate 2 protection
OUT1
18
3 5 4
IN1 IN2
Temperature sensor 1
ESD
ST1/2
Logic
Channel 2
2
GND1/2
Level shifter Rectifier 2
Limit for unclamped ind. loads 2 Open load Short to Vbb detection 2
OUT2
17
Load
Temperature sensor 2
R R O1 O2 GND1/2 Load GND
Signal GND Chip 1
Chip 1
+ V bb Channel 3
Leadframe
Logic and protection circuit of chip 2 (equivalent to chip 1) 7 9 8
IN3 IN4 ST3/4
OUT3
14
Channel 4
OUT4
13
Load
6
GND3/4
PROFET
Signal GND Chip 2
(R)
R
R O3 O4 GND3/4 Load GND
Chip 2 Leadframe connected to pin 1, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20
Maximum Ratings at Tj = 25C unless otherwise specified Parameter Supply voltage (overvoltage protection see page 4) Supply voltage for full short circuit protection Tj,start = -40 ...+150C Symbol Values 43 34 Unit V V
Vbb Vbb
Semiconductor Group
2
BTS721L1 Maximum Ratings at Tj = 25C unless otherwise specified Parameter Load current (Short-circuit current, see page 5) Load dump protection2) VLoadDump = UA + Vs, UA = 13.5 V RI3) = 2 , td = 200 ms; IN = low or high, each channel loaded with RL = 4.7 , Operating temperature range Storage temperature range Power dissipation (DC)5 Ta = 25C: (all channels active) Ta = 85C: Inductive load switch-off energy dissipation, single pulse Vbb = 12V, Tj,start = 150C5), IL = 2.9 A, ZL = 58 mH, 0 one channel: IL = 4.3 A, ZL = 58 mH, 0 two parallel channels: IL = 6.3 A, ZL = 58 mH, 0 four parallel channels:
see diagrams on page 9 and page 10
Symbol
Values self-limited 60 -40 ...+150 -55 ...+150 3.7 1.9
Unit A V C W
IL VLoad dump4) Tj Tstg Ptot
EAS
0.3 0.65 1.5 1.0 -10 ... +16 2.0 5.0
J
Electrostatic discharge capability (ESD) (Human Body Model) Input voltage (DC) Current through input pin (DC) Current through status pin (DC)
see internal circuit diagram page 8
VESD VIN IIN IST
kV V mA
Thermal resistance junction - soldering point5),6) junction - ambient5)
each channel: one channel active: all channels active:
Rthjs Rthja
15 41 34
K/W
2)
3) 4) 5) 6)
Supply voltages higher than Vbb(AZ) require an external current limit for the GND and status pins, e.g. with a 150 resistor in the GND connection and a 15 k resistor in series with the status pin. A resistor for input protection is integrated. RI = internal resistance of the load dump test pulse generator VLoad dump is setup without the DUT connected to the generator per ISO 7637-1 and DIN 40839 Device on 50mm*50mm*1.5mm epoxy PCB FR4 with 6cm2 (one layer, 70m thick) copper area for Vbb connection. PCB is vertical without blown air. See page 15 Soldering point: upper side of solder edge of device pin 15. See page 15
Semiconductor Group
3
BTS721L1 Electrical Characteristics
Parameter and Conditions, each of the four channels
at Tj = 25 C, Vbb = 12 V unless otherwise specified
Symbol
Values min typ max
Unit
Load Switching Capabilities and Characteristics On-state resistance (Vbb to OUT) Tj = 25C: RON IL = 2 A each channel, Tj = 150C: two parallel channels, Tj = 25C: four parallel channels, Tj = 25C: Nominal load current one channel active: two parallel channels active: four parallel channels active: 5), T = 85C, T 150C Device on PCB a j Output current while GND disconnected or pulled up; Vbb = 30 V, VIN = 0, see diagram page 9 Turn-on time to 90% VOUT: Turn-off time to 10% VOUT: RL = 12 , Tj =-40...+150C Slew rate on Tj =-40...+150C: 10 to 30% VOUT, RL = 12 , Slew rate off Tj =-40...+150C: 70 to 40% VOUT, RL = 12 , Operating Parameters Operating voltage7) Undervoltage shutdown Undervoltage restart
--
85 170 43 22 2.9 4.3 6.3 -200 200 ---
100 200 50 25 --
m
IL(NOM)
2.5 3.8 5.9 -80 80 0.1 0.1
A
IL(GNDhigh) ton toff
dV/dton -dV/dtoff
10 400 400 1 1
mA s
V/s V/s
Tj =-40...+150C: Tj =-40...+150C: Tj =-40...+25C: Tj =+150C: Undervoltage restart of charge pump Tj =-40...+150C: see diagram page 14 Undervoltage hysteresis Vbb(under) = Vbb(u rst) - Vbb(under) Tj =-40...+150C: Overvoltage shutdown Tj =-40...+150C: Overvoltage restart Tj =-40...+150C: Overvoltage hysteresis 8) Tj =-40...+150C: Overvoltage protection I bb = 40 mA
Vbb(on) Vbb(under) Vbb(u rst) Vbb(ucp)
Vbb(under)
5.0 3.5 ---34 33 -42
---5.6 0.2 --0.5 47
34 5.0 5.0 7.0 7.0 -43 ----
V V V V V V V V V
Vbb(over) Vbb(o rst) Vbb(over) Vbb(AZ)
7) 8)
At supply voltage increase up to Vbb = 5.6 V typ without charge pump, VOUT Vbb - 2 V see also VON(CL) in circuit diagram on page 8.
Semiconductor Group
4
BTS721L1
Parameter and Conditions, each of the four channels
at Tj = 25 C, Vbb = 12 V unless otherwise specified
Symbol
Values min typ max ---28 44 -60 70 12
Unit A A
Standby current, all channels off Tj =25C: Ibb(off) VIN = 0 Tj =150C: Leakage output current (included in Ibb(off)) IL(off) VIN = 0 Operating current 9), VIN = 5V, Tj =-40...+150C IGND = IGND1/2 + IGND3/4, one channel on: IGND four channels on: Protection Functions Initial peak short circuit current limit, (see timing
diagrams, page 12)
---
2 8
3 12
mA
each channel, Tj =-40C: IL(SCp) 11 18 25 9 14 22 Tj =25C: 5 8 14 Tj =+150C: two parallel channels twice the current of one channel four parallel channels four times the current of one channel Repetitive short circuit current limit, Tj = Tjt each channel IL(SCr) -8 --8 -two parallel channels -8 -four parallel channels
(see timing diagrams, page 12)
A
A
Initial short circuit shutdown time
Tj,start =-40C: toff(SC) Tj,start = 25C: VON(CL) Tjt Tjt
---150 --
3.8 3 47 -10
------
ms
(see page 11 and timing diagrams on page 12)
Output clamp (inductive load switch off)10) at VON(CL) = Vbb - VOUT Thermal overload trip temperature Thermal hysteresis Reverse Battery Reverse battery voltage 11) Drain-source diode voltage (Vout > Vbb) IL = - 2.9 A, Tj = +150C
V C K
-Vbb -VON
---
-610
32 --
V mV
9) 10)
Add IST, if IST > 0 If channels are connected in parallel, output clamp is usually accomplished by the channel with the lowest VON(CL) 11) Requires a 150 resistor in GND connection. The reverse load current through the intrinsic drain-source diode has to be limited by the connected load. Note that the power dissipation is higher compared to normal operating conditions due to the voltage drop across the intrinsic drain-source diode. The temperature protection is not active during reverse current operation! Input and Status currents have to be limited (see max. ratings page 3 and circuit page 8).
Semiconductor Group
5
BTS721L1
Parameter and Conditions, each of the four channels
at Tj = 25 C, Vbb = 12 V unless otherwise specified
Symbol
Values min typ max
Unit
Diagnostic Characteristics Open load detection current, (on-condition) 20 -400 each channel, Tj = -40C: I L (OL)1 20 -300 Tj = 25C: 20 -300 Tj = 150C: twice the current of one channel two parallel channels four times the current of one channel four parallel channels 12) Open load detection voltage Tj =-40..+150C: VOUT(OL) 2 3 4 Internal output pull down Tj =-40..+150C: RO 4 10 30 (OUT to GND), VOUT = 5 V
mA
V k
Input and Status Feedback13) Input resistance
(see circuit page 8)
Tj =-40..+150C: Tj =-40..+150C:
RI VIN(T+) VIN(T-)
VIN(T) IIN(off)
2.5 1.7 1.5 -1 20 100 ---
3.5 --0.5 -50 320 5 200
6 3.5 --50 90 800 20 600
k V V V A A s s s
Input turn-on threshold voltage Input turn-off threshold voltage
Tj =-40..+150C:
Input threshold hysteresis VIN = 0.4 V: Off state input current Tj =-40..+150C: VIN = 5 V: On state input current Tj =-40..+150C: Delay time for status with open load after switch off (other channel in off state) Tj =-40..+150C: (see timing diagrams, page 13), Delay time for status with open load after switch off (other channel in on state) Tj =-40..+150C: (see timing diagrams, page 13), Status invalid after positive input slope Tj =-40..+150C: (open load) Status output (open drain) Zener limit voltage Tj =-40...+150C, IST = +1.6 mA: ST low voltage Tj =-40...+25C, IST = +1.6 mA: Tj = +150C, IST = +1.6 mA:
IIN(on) td(ST OL4) td(ST OL5) td(ST)
VST(high) VST(low)
5.4 ---
6.1 ---
-0.4 0.6
V
12) 13)
External pull up resistor required for open load detection in off state. If ground resistors RGND are used, add the voltage drop across these resistors.
Semiconductor Group
6
BTS721L1 Truth Table
Channel 1 and 2 Channel 3 and 4 (equivalent to channel 1 and 2)
Normal operation
Chip 1 Chip 2
IN1 IN3
IN2 IN4
OUT1 OUT3
OUT2 OUT4
ST1/2 ST3/4 BTS 721L1 H H H H H(L14)) H L H(L14)) H L L15) H H(L16)) L15) H H(L16)) H L L H L H L H
Open load
Channel 1 (3)
Channel 2 (4)
Short circuit to Vbb
Channel 1 (3)
Channel 2 (4)
Overtemperature
both channel
Channel 1 (3) Channel 2 (4) Undervoltage/ Overvoltage
L L H H L L H L H X L L H L H X L X H L H X X X
L H L H L H X L L H L H X L L H L H X X X L H X
L L H H Z Z H L H X H H H L H X L L L L L X X L
L H L H L H X Z Z H L H X H H H L L L X X L L L
L = "Low" Level H = "High" Level
X = don't care Z = high impedance, potential depends on external circuit Status signal valid after the time delay shown in the timing diagrams
Parallel switching of channel 1 and 2 (also channel 3 and 4) is easily possible by connecting the inputs and outputs in parallel (see truth table). If switching channel 1 to 4 in parallel, the status outputs ST1/2 and ST3/4 have to be configured as a 'Wired OR' function with a single pull-up resistor.
Terms
V Ibb bb Leadframe I IN1 I IN2 I ST1/2 V IN1 VIN2 VST1/2 3 5 4 IN1 IN2 Vbb OUT1 PROFET Chip 1 18 V ON1 V ON2 I L1 I IN4 I L2 V OUT1 I GND1/2 R GND1/2 VOUT2 R GND3/4 I ST3/4 V IN3 VIN4 VST3/4 Leadframe I IN3 7 9 8 IN3 IN4 Vbb OUT3 PROFET Chip 2 14 VON3 V ON4 I L3 I L4 V OUT3 IGND3/4 VOUT4
OUT2
17
OUT4
13
ST1/2 GND1/2 2
ST3/4 GND3/4 6
Leadframe (Vbb) is connected to pin 1,10,11,12,15,16,19,20 External RGND optional; two resistors RGND1/2 ,RGND3/4 = 150 or a single resistor RGND = 75 for reverse battery protection up to the max. operating voltage.
14) 15)
With additional external pull up resistor An external short of output to Vbb in the off state causes an internal current from output to ground. If R GND is used, an offset voltage at the GND and ST pins will occur and the VST low signal may be errorious. 16) Low resistance to V may be detected by no-load-detection bb
Semiconductor Group
7
BTS721L1
Input circuit (ESD protection), IN1...4
R IN I
RI Logic
V Z2
Overvoltage protection of logic part
GND1/2 or GND3/4
+ V bb
ESD-ZD I GND
IN
I
I
IN
R ST
ST
ESD zener diodes are not to be used as voltage clamp at DC conditions. Operation in this mode may result in a drift of the zener voltage (increase of up to 1 V).
V
Z1 GND
R GND
Status output, ST1/2 or ST3/4
+5V
Signal GND
VZ1 = 6.1 V typ., VZ2 = 47 V typ., RI = 3.5 k typ., RGND = 150
R ST(ON)
ST
Reverse battery protection
+ 5V - Vbb
GND
ESDZD
R ST
IN ST
ESD-Zener diode: 6.1 V typ., max 5.0 mA; RST(ON) < 380 at 1.6 mA, ESD zener diodes are not to be used as voltage clamp at DC conditions. Operation in this mode may result in a drift of the zener voltage (increase of up to 1 V).
RI OUT
Power Inverse Diode
Logic
GND
Inductive and overvoltage output clamp,
OUT1...4
+Vbb VZ
RGND
Signal GND
RL
Power GND
RGND = 150 , RI = 3.5 k typ,
Temperature protection is not active during inverse current operation.
V ON OUT
PROFET
Power GND
VON clamped to VON(CL) = 47 V typ.
Semiconductor Group
8
BTS721L1
Open-load detection, OUT1...4 ON-state diagnostic condition: VON < RON*IL(OL); IN high
+ V bb
GND disconnect with GND pull up
(channel 1/2 or 3/4)
IN1 V IN1 IN2 V
Vbb OUT1 PROFET OUT2
ON
VON
IN2 ST GND
OUT
Logic unit
Open load detection
V
V bb
ST
V
GND
Any kind of load. If VGND > VIN - VIN(T+) device stays off Due to VGND > 0, no VST = low signal available.
OFF-state diagnostic condition: VOUT > 3 V typ.; IN low
Vbb disconnect with energized inductive load
R
EXT
IN1 high IN2
Vbb OUT1 PROFET OUT2
OFF
V OUT
ST
GND
Logic unit
Open load detection
R
O
V
Signal GND
bb
GND disconnect
(channel 1/2 or 3/4)
Ibb bb IN1 IN2 ST Vbb OUT1 PROFET OUT2 GND V GND
For an inductive load current up to the limit defined by EAS (max. ratings see page 3 and diagram on page 10) each switch is protected against loss of Vbb. Consider at your PCB layout that in the case of Vbb disconnection with energized inductive load the whole load current flows through the GND connection.
V
V
V V IN1 IN2 ST
Any kind of load. In case of IN = high is VOUT VIN - VIN(T+). Due to VGND > 0, no VST = low signal available.
Semiconductor Group
9
BTS721L1
Inductive load switch-off energy dissipation
E bb E AS Vbb PROFET OUT L GND ZL ELoad
IN
=
ST
{
R L
EL
ER
Energy stored in load inductance:
EL = 1/2*L*I L
While demagnetizing load inductance, the energy dissipated in PROFET is
2
EAS= Ebb + EL - ER= VON(CL)*iL(t) dt,
with an approximate solution for RL > 0 : IL* L (V + |VOUT(CL)|) 2*RL bb IL*RL
OUT(CL)|
EAS=
ln (1+ |V
)
Maximum allowable load inductance for a single switch off (one channel)5)
L = f (IL ); Tj,start = 150C, Vbb = 12 V, RL = 0 L [mH] 10000
1000
100
10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
IL [A]
Semiconductor Group
10
BTS721L1
Typ. on-state resistance
RON = f (Vbb,Tj ); IL = 2 A, IN = high RON [mOhm] 300
Typ. standby current
Ibb(off) = f (Tj ); Vbb = 9...34 V, IN1...4 = low Ibb(off) [A]
60
250
50
200 Tj = 150C 150 85C 100 25C
40
30
20 -40C
50
10
0 0 10 20 30 40
0 -50
0
50
100
150
Vbb [V]
200 Tj [C]
Typ. open load detection current
IL(OL) = f (Vbb,Tj ); IN = high IL(OL) [mA] 220
200 no-load detection not specified for V bb < 6 V 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 -40C
Typ. initial short circuit shutdown time
toff(SC) = f (Tj,start ); Vbb =12 V toff(SC) [msec] 4
3.5 3
25C 2.5 85C Tj = 150C 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -50
0
50
100
150
Vbb [V]
200 Tj,start [C]
Semiconductor Group
11
BTS721L1
Timing diagrams
Timing diagrams are shown for chip 1 (channel 1/2). For chip 2 (channel 3/4) the diagrams are valid too. The channels 1 and 2, respectively 3 and 4, are symmetric and consequently the diagrams are valid for each channel as well as for permuted channels
Figure 1a: Vbb turn on:
IN1 IN IN2 t d(ST)
*)
Figure 2b: Switching an inductive load
V bb
ST
V
OUT1
V
OUT
V
OUT2
I ST open drain t
L
I L(OL) t
*) if the time constant of load is too large, open-load-status may occur
Figure 2a: Switching a lamp:
IN
Figure 3a: Turn on into short circuit: shut down by overtemperature, restart by cooling
IN1 other channel: normal operation
ST I V
OUT
L1
I
L(SCp) I L(SCr)
I
L
t ST t
off(SC)
t
The initial peak current should be limited by the lamp and not by the initial short circuit current IL(SCp) = 14 A typ. of the device. Heating up of the chip may require several milliseconds, depending on external conditions (toff(SC) vs. Tj,start see page 11)
Semiconductor Group
12
BTS721L1
Figure 3b: Turn on into short circuit: shut down by overtemperature, restart by cooling (two parallel switched channels 1 and 2)
IN1/2
Figure 5a: Open load: detection in ON-state, open load occurs in on-state
IN1
IN2 I
L1
channel 2: normal operation
+I
L2
I L(SCp) VOUT1
I L(SCr) I L1
channel 1: open load t d(ST OL1)
normal load
open load
t ST1/2
off(SC)
t d(ST OL2)
t d(ST OL1)
t
d(ST OL2)
ST t
td(ST OL1) = 30 s typ., td(ST OL2) = 20 s typ
t
Figure 4a: Overtemperature: Reset if Tj IN
Figure 5b: Open load: detection in ON-state, turn on/off to open load
IN1
IN2 ST V
OUT1
channel 2: normal operation
V
OUT
I
L1
channel 1: open load T
J
t
d(ST)
t
d(ST OL4)
t
d(ST)
t
d(ST OL5)
t
ST t
The status delay time td(STOL4) allows to distinguish between the failure modes "open load in ON-state" and "overtemperature".
Semiconductor Group
13
BTS721L1
Figure 5c: Open load: detection in ON- and OFF-state (with REXT), turn on/off to open load
IN1
Figure 6b: Undervoltage restart of charge pump
V on VON(CL)
IN2
channel 2: normal operation
on-state
OUT1
V
bb(over)
I L1
channel 1: open load
V
V V
bb(u rst)
bb(o rst)
bb(u cp)
ST
t d(ST)
t
d(ST)
t d(ST OL5) t
V
bb(under)
td(ST OL5) depends on external circuitry because of high impedance
IN = high, normal load conditions. Charge pump starts at Vbb(ucp) = 5.6 V typ.
Figure 7a: Overvoltage: Figure 6a: Undervoltage:
IN IN V ON(CL) Vbb(over) V bb(o rst)
V bb V
bb(under)
Vbb Vbb(u cp) Vbb(u rst) V
OUT
V OUT
ST ST open drain t t
Semiconductor Group
14
off-state
V bb
V
off-state
BTS721L1
Package and Ordering Code
Standard P-DSO-20-9
BTS721L1 Ordering Code Q67060-S7002-A2
All dimensions in millimetres 1) Does not include plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 max per side 2) Does not include dambar protrusion of 0.05 max per side
Definition of soldering point with temperature Ts: upper side of solder edge of device pin 15.
Pin 15
Printed circuit board (FR4, 1.5mm thick, one layer 70m, 6cm2 active heatsink area) as a reference for max. power dissipation Ptot, nominal load current IL(NOM) and thermal resistance Rthja
Semiconductor Group
15

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